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relative formula masses and molar volumes of gases

In this section you will be assessed on your ability to

1.16 calculate relative formula masses (Mr) from relative atomic masses (Ar)
1.17 understand the use of the term mole to represent the amount of substance
1.18 understand the term mole as the Avogadro number of particles (atoms,molecules, formulae, ions or electrons) in a substance
1.19 carry out mole calculations using relative atomic mass(Ar) and relative formula mass (Mr)
1.20 understand the term molar volume of a gas and use its values (24 dm3 and 24,000 cm3) at room temperature and pressure (rtp) in calculations

Section notes


Investigations


Resources

Textbook pages

  1. moles and relative masses: chapter 22 page 176 to 182
  2. molar volume: chapter 23 page 189 and 190

Tutorials

Calculating moles, masses and number of particles
Key mole concepts

Lesson

Mole
Used to measure the amount of a chemical.
TED presentation on mole

Relative formula mass:

The mass of a compound compared to the mass of a C-12 atom (the most abundant carbon isotope) and is calculated by adding the relative atomic mass, multiplied by the number of atoms, of the elements in the compound.
  1. study the 4 examples on page 1 of the 1d handout
  2. do question (a) to (m) on page 1 on handout 1d
  3. worksheet below:

  • on page 47 answer questions 1 to 24;
  • on page 48 answer questions 1 to 5, 21 to 30 and 41 to 50


Calculating moles and masses

The molar mass of a substance is the mass of 1 mole of that substance which is the relative mass of the substance expressed in grams.
  1. Calculating moles using mass: find the formula on page 2 of 1d handout or on the worksheet attached below.
  2. Go to http://www.echalk.co.uk/ (remember username is echalk2@dulwich-shanghai.cn; password is echalk) and go to section "Chemical formulae, equations and calculations" and "introducing the mole": do both activities to practice calculating moles.
  3. Do questions on page 2



Calculating moles and molar volumes

You can also calculate the number of moles easily of a gas because 1 mole of a gas is always 24 dm3 or L, for any gas. See handout 1d. Answer the questions at the bottom of page 2 of handout 1d.

Calculating molar volumes and masses

You will be asked to convert mass of a gas into a volume. This cannot be done directly so 'moles' will be the link.
On the worksheet below answer questions 1, 2, 3 and 4.